Contact Minnesota Polish Medical Society
Author: Katarzyna Litak, M.D.
Marie Elizabeth Zakrzewska (), affectionately known as Dr. Zak, was a pioneering physician of Polish-German descent and an immigrant who made significant contributions to the field of medicine. Among her remarkable achievements was the establishment of the New York Infirmary for Women and Children, the first dedicated women's hospital in the United States.
Dr. Zakrzewska's influence extended beyond New York, as she played a crucial role in founding the Women's Hospital of Philadelphia. Additionally, she contributed to the establishment of the New England Hospital for Women and Children in Boston, which was the first hospital in the city and the second in the entire United States to be operated by women physicians and surgeons.
"I am not a great personage, either through inherited qualifications or through the work that I have to show to the world," said Dr. Zakrzewska in her memoir, as she reflected on her humble beginnings in Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia (now Germany), to parents with a rich medical heritage.
Her father, Ludwig Martin Zakrzewski, be
In , Marie Zakrzewska, M.D., opened doors to women physicians who were excluded from clinical training opportunities at male-run hospitals, by establishing the first hospital in Boston&#;and the second hospital in America&#;run by women, the New England Hospital for Women and Children.
Marie Zakrzewska was born in Berlin in , to Ludwig Martin Zakrzewski and Caroline Fredericke Wilhelmina Urban. Her father was a civil servant from a noble Polish family, who had lost their wealth and property to the Russians in Her grandmother was a veterinary surgeon, and her mother worked as a midwife. From age 13, Marie Zakrzewska accompanied her mother on her rounds, and at age 20 she enrolled in midwifery studies at the Royal Charité hospital in Berlin, where her mother had trained. Opportunities for women were scarce, but thanks to the support of Joseph Hermann Schmidt, professor of obstetrics and the director of the school of midwifery, Marie Zakrzewska was promoted to head midwife in , despite the disapproval of other faculty and not long after she finished her own training. After six months as head of midwifery, she moved to the United States to study medicine.
Marie Zakrzewska emig
Dr. Marie Elizabeth Zakrzewska
Marie Elizabeth Zakrzewska was one of several women who helped open the doors of the medical profession to women in America. But she approached the profession with a different philosophy than many of her contemporaries.
Zakrzewska rejected the notion that women were by nature moral and sympathetic, and thus better suited to the profession, and she refuted the argument that female patients needed or deserved female doctors. Instead, Zakrzewska held that “science has no sex” — that the intelligence, compassion, insight, skill, and ambition required to succeed in science and medicine were exclusive to neither men nor women.
Born and raised in Germany, Zakrzewska was introduced to medical work by her mother, a midwife who took her daughter along on her rounds and emphasized professionalism and the value of formal credentials from legitimate medical institutions. Zakrzewska followed her mother into midwifery and trained at Royal Charité, one of Europe’s finest schools, where she rose to the rank of head midwife.
But midwife was as far as she could go in s Germany. To achieve her goal of becoming a doctor, Zakrzewska would have
Biography: Dr. Marie E. Zakrzewska
In , Marie Zakrzewska, M.D., opened doors to women physicians who were excluded from clinical training opportunities at male-run hospitals, by establishing the first hospital in Boston—and the second hospital in America—run by women, the New England Hospital for Women and Children.
Marie Zakrzewska was born in Berlin in , to Ludwig Martin Zakrzewski and Caroline Fredericke Wilhelmina Urban. Her father was a civil servant from a noble Polish family, who had lost their wealth and property to the Russians in Her grandmother was a veterinary surgeon, and her mother worked as a midwife. From age 13, Marie Zakrzewska accompanied her mother on her rounds, and at age 20 she enrolled in midwifery studies at the Royal Charité hospital in Berlin, where her mother had trained. Opportunities for women were scarce, but thanks to the support of Joseph Hermann Schmidt, professor of obstetrics and the director of the school of midwifery, Marie Zakrzewska was promoted to head midwife in , despite the disapproval of other faculty and not long after she finished her own training. After six months as head of midwifery, she moved to the United States to study medi
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