John Cassian
St. John Cassian
Our venerable and God-bearing Father John Cassian was a 4th/5th century monastic saint known for his writings on the monastic life and for correctives of the anti-Pelagian writings of St. Augustine of Hippo. His feast day in the Orthodox Church is February 29 (celebrated on February 28 in non-leap years), and it is also kept locally in Marseilles, France, on July
Life
St. John was born in the Danube Delta in what is now Dobrogea, Romania, in about (some sources instead place him as a native of Gaul). In he entered a monastery in Bethlehem and after several years there was granted permission, along with his friend St. Germanus of Dobrogea, to visit the Desert Fathers in Egypt. They remained in Egypt until , except for a brief period when they returned to Bethlehem and were released from the monastery there.
Upon leaving Egypt they went to Constantinople, where they met St. John Chrysostom, who ordained St. John Cassian as a deacon. He had to leave Constantinople in when Chrysostom was exiled, eventually settling close to Marseilles, where he was ordained priest and founded two monasteries, one for women and one for men.
St. John's most
Saint John Cassian (ca. – C.E.) (Latin: Jo(h)annes Eremita Cassianus, Joannus Cassianus, or Joannes Massiliensis) is a Christiantheologian celebrated in the Western and Eastern Churches for his mystical writings. He is known both as one of the "Scythian monks" and as one of the "Desert Fathers."
He was born around , possibly in the eastern Roman Empire. Whether or not he was a Scythian by birth,[1] as a young adult, he and a friend traveled to Palestine, where they entered a hermitage near Bethlehem. After a while there, they journeyed to Egypt, which was rent by Christian struggles, and visited a number of monastic foundations. Later, Cassian went to Constantinople, where he became a disciple and friend of John Chrysostom, the Patriarch of Constantinople and participated in his struggles with the Imperial family. When Chrysostom ran into theological trouble, Latin-speaking Cassian was sent to Rome to plead his cause before Pope Innocent I.
It was possibly when he was in Rome that he accepted the invitation to found an Egyptian style monastery in southern Gaul, near Marseille. His foundation, the abbey of St. Victor, a complex of monasteries for b
Biography of St. John Cassian
Early in his life, John traveled to Palestine and entered a hermitage at Bethlehem. He and a friend remained in this community for several years before traveling to Egypt and going to the desert of Scete in
While John was at the desert monasteries he followed Evagrius Ponticus, who was a highly-educated classical scholar, is believed to be one of the first people to begin recording and systematizing the teachings of the monastic authorities known as the Desert Fathers. In a conflict developed between Origenist desert monks and the Archbishop of Alexandria, which resulted in many monks, including John, fleeing the desert.
John and other monks traveled to Constantinople and found protection under the Patriarch, John Chrysostom, who was viewed as sympathetic to Origen’s teachings. While in Constantinople, John Cassian was ordained a deacon. When John Chrysostom was forced into exi
John Cassian
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A monk and ascetic writer of Southern Gaul, and the first to introduce the rules of Eastern monasticism into the West, b. probably in Provence about ; d. about , probably near Marseilles. Gennadius refers to him as a Scythian by birth (natione Scytha), but this is regarded as an erroneous statement based on the fact that Cassian passed several years of his life in the desert of Scete (heremus Scitii) in Egypt. The son of wealthy parents, he received a good education, and while yet a youth visited the holy places in Palestine, accompanied by a friend, Germanus, some years his senior. In Bethlehem Cassian and Germanus assumed the obligations of the monastic life, but, as in the case of many of their contemporaries, the desire of acquiring the science of sanctity from its most eminent teachers soon drew them from their cells in Bethlehem to the Egyptiandeserts. Before leaving their first monastic home the friends promised to return as soon as possible, but t
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