Pierre Auger
Pierre Victor Auger was born in Paris on May 14, He was a French physicist, whose work focused on atomic, cosmic ray, and nuclear physicists.
In , he joined the Chemistry Lab at the University of Paris and studied under Jean Perrin. Five years later he earned his Ph.D. there in Physics. In , Auger successfully discovered the multiple- cloud chamber electron tracks. This proved that X-rays could use several electrons from just one atom.
In , he became the head of the Physics Department at the University of Paris- Sorbonne. He later briefly taught Physics at the University of Chicago.
During World War II, Auger joined the Free French Forces. In , he went to Montreal to work with the Tube Alloy team, the British and Canadian effort to develop nuclear weapons. He also warned General Charles de Gaulle about the Manhattan Project. After working in Montreal, he moved to London to work on the French Scientific Mission.
In , the University of Paris appointed him to be the director of higher education in the science department. He held this position until , and helped create a genetics department.
Working with cosmic rays, he discovered the concept of cosmic air showers
Who Was Pierre Auger?
The Pierre Auger Observatory experiment was named after Pierre Victor Auger ( - ), who can be considered the discoverer of giant airshowers generated by the interaction of very high-energy cosmic rays with the earth's atmosphere. Most of his professional life was devoted to the following fields of experimental physics:
- Atomic physics (photoelectric effect)
- Nuclear physics (slow neutrons)
- Cosmic ray physics (atmospheric air-showers)
During the Second World War, he joined the Free French Forces, and partipated in the creation of a French-British-Canadian group on atomic energy research, becoming the head of this department in Montreal. After the war, he became Director of the Department of Sciences for the UNESCO. He strongly campaigned for the creation of international research organizations.
More information on the life and work of Pierre Auger can be found at the CNRS website.
Pierre Auger on Cosmic Rays:
"In his excellent paper, Louis LePrince-Ringuet, citing a remark of Powell's at the Conference of Bagneres-de-Bigorre in , declared that from that date on, particle accelerators took the place of cosmic rays, which more or less fad
Auger, Pierre Victor
Auger, Pierre Victor
Born May 14, , in Paris. French physicist.
Auger studied at the Ecole Normale Supérieure and the University of Paris. From to he worked at the University of Paris, where he became a professor in In the period from to he worked in the USA, Canada, and Great Britain. Auger investigated the photoelectric effect induced by X rays in gases and experimentally confirmed the quantum-mechanical theory of the photoelectric effect. In he discovered an effect that deals with the ionization of an atom in an excited state; this effect is called the Auger effect and the electrons that are emitted from the atom in the process are called Auger electrons. In , Auger and his colleagues detected extensive atmospheric showers in cosmic rays, called Auger showers.
Auger has been director of the Atomic Energy Commission (–48), director of higher education for France (–48), assistant director-general of the UNESCO Department of Natural Sciences (–59), president of the French Space Commission (–62), and direct
Pierre Auger
Born in , Auger was educated at the Ecole Normale Superieure and University of Paris. Even before qualifying for his doctorate, he had made his name with a discovery about the movement of electrons within the shells of the atom, named in his honour (the Auger effect).
By the age of 38, he was a professor at the Sorbonne. He founded and directed the documentation service at Centre Nationale de Recherches Scientiflque (CNRS) in to , before leaving France for a Canadian laboratory to direct a group of international scientists working on atomic energy.
After the liberation of France, Auger increasingly took a leading role in the national and international administration of science. Initially, Auger installed himself at the Ministry of Education, directing the reform of secondary education. Then in , working with Frederic Joliot-Curie, Auger was involved with the formation of the French CEA. He was France’s first representative to the executive council of UNESCO, where he directed the Department of Exact and Natural Sciences until
Notably, Auger was also active in the creation of CERN (the European organisation for nuclear research) set up in , which served the m
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