MAKALAH TENTANG HASAN AL-BASHRI
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Masalah
Tasawuf Sunni ialah aliran tasaawuf yang berusaha memadukan aspek hakekat dan syari&#;at, yang senantiasa memelihara sifat kezuhudan dan mengkonsentrasikan pendekatan diri kepada Allah, dengan berusaha sungguh-sugguh berpegang teguh terhadap ajaran al-Qur&#;an, Sunnah dan Shirah para sahabat.
Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari para pengamal tasawwuf ini berusaha untuk menjauhkan drii dari hal-hal yang bersifat keduniawian, jabatan, dan menjauhi hal-hal yang dapat mengganggu kekhusua&#;an ibadahnya.
Latar belakang munculnya ajaran ini tidak telepas dari pecekcokan masalah aqidah yang melanda para ulama&#; fiqh dan tasawwuf lebih-lebih pada abad kelima hijriah aliran Syi&#;ah Al-Islamiyah yang berusaha untuk mengembalikan kepemimpinan kepada keturunan Ali bin Abi Thalib. Dimana syi&#;ah lebih banyak mempengaruhi para sufi dengan doktrin bahwa Imam yang ghaib akan pindah ketangan sufi yang layak menyandang gelar Waliyullah, dipihak lain para sufi banyak yang dipengaruhi oleh filsafat Neo-Platonisme yang memunculkan corak pemikiran Tasawwuf
Al-Hasan al-Basri
Al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrī (Arabic: الحسن البصري), born as al-Hasan b. Abu l-Hasan al-Yasar, was a theologian, a Quranic exegete, a scholar of hadiths, a preacher, a jurist, and one of the eight well-known ascetics of the first and second/seventh and eighth centuries. There is no agreement over the school of thought he belonged to.
The Shrine of Hasan al-Basri | |
| Full Name | Al-Hasan al-Basri |
|---|---|
| Teknonym | Abu Sa'id or Abu Muhammad or Abu 'Ali |
| Epithet | Imam al-Tabi'in, Sayyid al-Tabi'in, and Shaykh al-Islam |
| Religious Affiliation | Islam |
| Birth | During the lifetime of Prophet (s) |
| Place of Birth | Medina |
| Places of Residence | Basra |
| Death | /, Basra |
| Burial Place | Basra |
| Professors | Jabir b. 'Abd Allah al-Ansari, Anas b. Malik |
| Students | Malik b. Dinar, Thabit al-Banani, Ghaylan al-Damishqi |
| Works | Tafsir al-Qur'an (exegesis of the Qur'an) |
He met three hundred companions of the Prophet (s), had companionships with seventy of those who had attended the Battle of Badr, learned many hadiths from them, and transmitted those hadiths to others. Given his hadiths, remarks, and sermons, it becomes apparent that only few of the Companions an
Sufi Biography: Hasan of Basra [Hassan Basri]
Al-Hasan ibn Abi l Hasan al-Basri was born at Medina in 21 (), the son of a slave captured in Maisan who afterwards became a client of the Prophet Mohammad&#;s secretary Zaid ibn Thabet.
Brought up in Basra, he met many Companions of the Prophet including, it is said, seventy of those who fought at the Battle of Badr. He grew up to become one of the most prominent figures of his generation, being famous for his uncompromising piety and outspoken condemnation of worldliness in high places.
Whilst the Mo tazelite theologians claim him as the founder of their movement (and Amr ibn Obaid and Wasel ibn Ata are counted amongst his pupils), in Sufi hagiography he is revered as one of the greatest saints of early Islam. He died at Basra in (). Many of his speeches he was a brilliant orator and sayings are quoted by Arab authors and not a few of his letters have been preserved.
The Conversion of Hasan of Basra to Islam
The beginning of Hasan of Basra conversion was as follows. He was a jewel merchant and was called Hasan of the Pearls. He traded with Byzantium, and had to do with the generals and ministers of Caesar. On
Biografi Imam Hasan Al-Bashri, Masa Kecil dan Kumpulan Nasihatnya
Hasan Al-Bashri rahimahullah dilahirkan di Madinah pada Tahun 22 Hijriyah pada pada masa-masa terakhir kekhalifahan Sayyidina Umar bin Khattab.
Menurut Dai lulusan Al-Azhar Mesir, Ustaz Ahmad Syahrin Thoriq, nyaris tidak ada kitab yang ditulis ulama setelahnya dengan genre adab, akhlaq, zuhud dan nasehat agama lainnya, kecuali pasti akan menyertakan nasihat dari Imam Hasan Al-Bashri.
Karena banyaknya nasihat indah Imam Hasan Al-Bashriyang disampaikannya kepada umat, seorang ulama besar tabi'in di masanya, Abu Ja'far al-Baqir berkata tentang beliau: "Dia (Hasan Al-Bashri) itu adalah orang yang perkataannya menyerupai ucapan para Nabi." [Hilyatul Aulia (2/)]
Demikian pula fatwa-fatwanya dalam ilmu fiqih paling banyak dirujuk oleh ulama-ulama setelahnya. Di zamannya, halaqah ilmu yang beliau asuh menjadi majelis ilmu paling banyak dihadiri oleh manusia.
Berikut biografi singkat sang UlamaTabi'in Imam Hasan Al-Bashri( H)
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